Reliable information about the coronavirus covid19 is available from the world health organization current situation, international travel. The protocols used in the air interface, from the viewpoint of the mobile. The book provides detailed coverage of the air interface technologies and protocols that withstood the scrutiny of the highly sophisticated technology evaluation process typically used in the 3gppphysical layer working group. Xi crossy uses lte that incorporates various measures with regard to radio access technology, radio network configuration and radio interface protocol technology. It operated passenger charter services throughout europe. Commonalities and difference in tdd and fdd tdd and fdd modes commonalities tdd and fdd modes differences regarding the air interface 1. Lte air interface training 2 days after completing this course, the audience will be able to.
On december 24, 2010, the xi crossy1 lte service was launched in tokyo, nagoya and osaka region. This video gives overview of lte air interface protocol stack. Feasibility study of enabling v2x communications by lte. Pdf a case study on protocol stack integration for 3gpp lte. Lte a has frequency reuse factor of 1 since spectrum is expensive, uses highorder mimo. The radio protocol architecture for lte can be separated into control plane architecture and user plane architecture as shown below at user plane side, the application creates data packets that are processed by protocols such as tcp, udp and ip, while in the control plane, the radio resource control rrc protocol writes the signalling messages that are exchanged between the base station and. Development of the long term evolution lte air interface has been closely linked within 3gpp to the work on a new packetswitched system architecture initially called the system architecture. As a reference, longterm evolution lte air interface. The layer2 protocols include the mac protocol, the rlc protocol, and the pdcp. Lte air interface adopts ofdma orthogonal frequency division multiple access for the downlink and scfdma singlecarrier frequency domain multiple access for the uplink. Rrc is the protocol that is used for communication between ue and enb. It reveals the in depth information on lte air interface, in terms of technology, protocols and procedures. Oclcs webjunction has pulled together information and resources to assist library staff as they consider how to handle. Interfaces allow the mme, sgw and pgw to cooperate with other network elements e.
Now that we have covered the principles of the air interface, we can explain how those principles are actually implemented in lte. A detailed technical description of the air interface for lte radio access. Lte air interface course description with the introduction of lte came the development of a new radio technology based on ofdma scfdma. You are find about lte ebooks by tag lte at an introduction to lte. Each of the radio and core elements present in the network are interconnected by standardized interfaces so that there is interoperability between different vendor products. Interfaces are allowing mme, sgw and pgw cooperating with other network elements e. A case study on protocol stack integration for 3gpp lte evolved node b. Pdf lte air interface training manual figures figures fadi.
Below graph shows lte interfaces that exist between different nodes. Interfaces and their protocol stacks lte and beyond tech. Ltea can aggregate up to 5 carriers to make up to 100 mhz 4. Each one of them is built in a standard way described by. How to verify your lte protocol and rf interactions. Ofdma types ofdm versus ofdma ofdma physical layer lte channels. Within an lte network, lte interfaces connect the various components to or within the core interfaces allow the mme, sgw and pgw to cooperate with other network elements e. The state oftheart lte protocol design is the result of a careful crosslayer approach where the protocols interact with each other efficiently. Lte layer 2 user plane protocol stack in detail teletopix. Network interfaces supporting positioning operations. The long term evolution lte radio communication is the upgrade of the current 3g mobile technology with a more complex protocol in order to enable very high data rates. Lte tutorial tutorial on lte basics rf wireless world. The entire lte system is specified by a large number of 3gpp working groups which oversee everything from the air interface to the protocol stack and the infrastructure network. Lets have a close look at all the layers available in eutran protocol stack which we have seen in previous chapter.
Sep 18, 20 lte user layer 2 protocol stackthe plan is composed of three substrates, as shown in the figure packet layer packet data convergence protocol pdcp. Lte air interface training manual contents contents 1 the air interface. Optimizing the lte air interface with rohde and schwarz. The air interface described in the chapter covers the concepts of lte frame structure, downlink and uplink scheduling, and detailed illustrations of the data flow across the protocol layers. This course focuses on the lte air interface and provides a detailed analysis of the structure and features of the physical layer, as well as the layer 2 and 3 protocols, before explaining how these are used in the operation of the radio link from initial attach, through. Ltea has frequency reuse factor of 1 since spectrum is expensive, uses highorder mimo. Jul 04, 2016 irat ho srvcc, csfb, cco, and rwr, measgap, x2ho, harq, tti bundling, drx, qos, carrier aggregation, icic, eicic. The framework for the lte advanced air interface technology is mostly determined by the use of wider bandwidths, potentially even up to 100 mhz, noncontiguous spectrum deployments, also. This article provides a thorough overview of this protocol stack, including the sublayers and corresponding interactions in between them, in a manner that is more intuitive than in the respective. The radio protocol architecture for lte can be separated into control plane architecture and user plane architecture as shown below at user plane side, the application creates data packets that are processed by protocols such as tcp, udp and ip, while in the control plane, the radio resource control rrc protocol writes the signalling messages that are exchanged between the base. Physical layer procedures such channel coding, modulation, ofdm, resource blocks, signaling procedures and scheduling both in ul and dl.
This includes ofdma principles, access and nonaccess stratum protocols, channel structures, connectivity and mobility management procedures along with radio link control functions. Start reading radio protocols for lte and lteadvanced on the free kindle. But i cant see base station in my phone, phone is nexus 5x and i know it support lte band7 without problem. The air interface between lte network and ue supports high data rate owing to ofdm and multiple antenna techniques employed. Takes care of the link adaptation amc, power control, cell search. In lte4g sbc interface is fully standardized and based on sctp. The air interface, or access mode, is the communication link between the two stations in mobile or wireless communication. The channels in lte system are mainly categorized into logical, transport and physical channels based on their functions. All data packets carried by radio bearers are mapped onto.
Pdf modeling lte protocol for mobile terminals using a. Lte a can aggregate up to 5 carriers to make up to 100 mhz 4. In the lte protocol architecture for user plane top and control plane bottom, layer1 and layer2 airinterface protocols terminate in the wireless device and in the enb. Illustration of 5g air interfaces ais including evolved lte and nr. Overview of lte radio interface and radio network architecture for high speed, high capacity and low latency. Numerous and frequentlyupdated resource results are available from this search. Long term evolution lte is the next step forward in cellular 3g services. Lte security, protocol exploits and location tracking. This nas layer terminates at mme and enb shall silently pass the nas messages to mme. Evolution steps of the 3gpp systems, the goals for lte. This course focuses on the lte air interface and provides a detailed analysis of the structure and features of the physical layer, as well as the layer 2 and 3 protocols, before explaining how these are used in the operation of the radio link from initial attach, through service delivery and. Introduction to 4glte air interface 42890 l4 duration.
The access to these services is through the use of a transport channel via the mac sublayer. Lte interfaces and protocols telecommunications blog. Radio protocols for lte and lte advanced pdf download download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. Discussion of lterelated protocols, including sae, pdcp, rlc. It employs amc adaptive modulation and coding as well as a number of optional mimo multipleinput multipleoutput antenna techniques and interference management methods. Mar 01, 2016 this video gives overview of lte air interface protocol stack.
Same radio interface schemes for both uplink and downlink ofdm and scfdma 2. Provides a unique focus on radio protocols for lte and lte advanced lte a giving readers a valuable understanding of lte radio protocols, this book covers lte longterm evolution layer 23 radio protocols as well as new features including lte advanced. Additionally the mme is connected to the cbc via the sbc interface. Jan 08, 2012 interfaces and their protocol stacks after familiarising with main network elements, time has come to better know interfaces between those elements. The physical layer is expected to perform the following functions in order to provide the data transport service. Overview of lte and lteadvanced new features 151 7. In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on etsi printers of the pdf version kept on a. Lte 301 mastering lte air interface award solutions. Energy impact of signalling protocols in 3gpplte and. Explain the ltesae quality of service and security. Lte uses several different types of logical, transport and physical channel, which are distinguished by the kind of information they carry and by the way in which the information is processed. With the introduction of lte came the development of a new radio technology based on ofdma scfdma. The layer3 rrc protocol also terminates in both the wireless device and the base station. Long term evolution protocol overview nxp semiconductors.
Each interface described here is taken from the 23. Jun 01, 2008 in the lte protocol architecture for user plane top and control plane bottom, layer1 and layer2 air interface protocols terminate in the wireless device and in the enb. The user plane protocol stack between the enode b and ue. To find 3gpp lte specification, click at the corresponding protocol in the images below. Below is a more ellaborated diagram of eutran protocol stack. Physical layer carries all information from the mac transport channels over the air interface. Complete this form for a detailed course description course summary.
Overview of lte and lte advanced new features 151 7. The physical layer itself maintains the continuous connection model, especially on the downlink, where there is continuous transmission. The control plane consists of protocols for control and support of the user plane functions. Lte provides a packet switched model at the sap, but retains a circuit switched model at the phy. Lte air interface free download as powerpoint presentation. Radio protocols for lte and lte advanced pdf download. It talks about nas, rrc, pdcp, rlc, mac, and physical layer. Requirements of lte peak data rate up to 200 active users in a cell 5 megahertz less than 5 millisecond userplane latency 1. Pdf lte air interface training manual figures figures. Provides a unique focus on radio protocols for lte and lteadvanced ltea giving readers a valuable understanding of lte radio protocols, this book covers lte longterm evolution layer 23 radio protocols as well as new features including lteadvanced.
Pdf on dec 1, 2016, caner kilinc and others published new radio 5g user plane design alternatives. Explain the x2s1 interface, x2aps1ap and gtp c protocols. Lte air interface protocols request pdf researchgate. Lte is an all ip network, has a flat architecture, and thus reduces complexity. Interfaces and their protocol stacks lte and beyond. It provides detailed description on lte radio interface, its structure. It is named s5 when the sgw and the pgw are located in the same network nonroaming scenario and s8 when the sgw is located in the visited network and the pgw in the home network roaming scenario. A significant underlying feature of lte advanced will be the flexible spectrum usage. Ofdma is used from network to ue air interface and scfdma is used from ue to network air interface.
Radio access network development department ntt docomo technical journal. This paper focuses on protocols specified by ran2, a. Lte a meets and exceeds all requirements for 4g as specified in imtadvanced. Ltea meets and exceeds all requirements for 4g as specified in imtadvanced. Lte long term evolution or the eutran evolved universal terrestrial access network, introduced in 3gpp r8, is the access part of the evolved packet system eps. Aug 11, 2009 utran interfaces are the most important point to start learning about the whole system. The air interface involves both the physical and data link layers layer 1 and 2 of the osi model for a connection. The radio protocol architecture for lte can be separated into control plane architecture and user plane architecture as shown in figure 3 and figure 4. In lte, every interface between two network nodes, is having an interface name, that represents the protocols used in the communication between those nodes. This course focuses on the lte air interface and provides a detailed analysis of the structure and features of the physical layer, as well as the layer 2 and 3 protocols, before.
Protocol states and mobility one of the main lte advantages is minimizing number of states transitions that led to huge saving in processor load. The figures shown below provide mapping of protocols to corresponding specifications. It then provides an in depth explanation of the lte frame structure, channels, and multiple antenna techniques, and describes in detail how lte devices synchronize with the network, establish connections and exchange data over the air. Energy impact of signalling protocols in 3gpplte and guidelines for savings. Umts interfaces protocols on different interfaces standard numbers and links to the different standards. All in one openairinterface 4g and 5g reference software. Within an lte network, lte interfaces connect the various components to or within the core. Lte air interface and procedures design, deployment and. Pdf lte air interface training manual contents tarek. Hybrid arq harq operation chase combining and incremental redundancy.
Lte interfaces and protocols ieee conference publication. This course will cover the major aspects of the lte air interface in a manner that both technical and nontechnical people will be able to fully appreciate. The main requirements for the new access network are high spectral efficiency, high peak data rates, short round trip time as well as flexibility in frequency and bandwidth. Optimizing the lte air interface with rohde and schwarz by wray castle, 6 november 2017 the demand for mobile broadband services is putting increased pressure on lte mobile operators.
Lte is a trade mark of etsi currently being registered. In this tutorial you can learn the following topics. Lteuu interface air interface of eutran based on ofdma in downlink and sc fdma in uplink fdd and tdd dupl ex methods scalablebandwid th1. The lte air interface physical layer offers data transport services to higher layers. All the feature of lte where you will explore lte in yourself. In section 3, lte advances requirements are introduced and in section 4 the key components technology of lte advanced that aims at increasing the system performance is explained in detail.
Contribution in order to build an overtheair selforganized lte mesh network among neighboring enbs while maintaining support for classical ues, we present a novel architecture that enhances enb, denoted as e2nb. Explain the lte sae quality of service and security. Ofdma is used from network to ue air interface and scfdma is used from ue to network air. Introduction in the current universal mobile telecommunications system umtshsxpa specifications, systems are capable of supporting high speed packet access for both downlink up to 14 mbps and uplink up to 5.
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